纤维蛋白原/白蛋白比值比对可手术乳腺癌患者预后的影响

目的探讨纤维蛋白原/白蛋白比值比(FAR)对可手术乳腺癌患者预后的影响。 方法依据纳入、排除标准，收集中国医学科学院北京协和医院2013年1～12月收治的520例Ⅰ～Ⅲ期可手术乳腺癌患者临床资料进行回顾性研究。在术前检测血浆纤维蛋白原和白蛋白水平。将纤维蛋白原与白蛋白质量浓度比值乘以100定义为FAR。根据受试者工作特征曲线确定FAR最佳临界值，并依据最佳临界值将受试者分为高FAR组(FAR>6.99)147例和低FAR组(FAR≤6.99)343例。采用Kaplan-Meier法和log-rank检验评估2组患者的DFS和OS，用Cox比例风险回归模型分析患者DFS和OS的影响因素。 结果log-rank检验显示，高FAR组患者的DFS和OS均比低FAR组差(χ²＝32.885、16.320，P均<0.001)。Cox比例风险回归模型单因素分析和多因素分析均显示：高FAR为患者DFS的独立危险因素(HR＝4.092，95%CI：2.425～6.903，P<0.001；HR＝4.226，95%CI：2.476～7.212，P<0.001);高FAR为患者OS的独立危险因素(HR＝3.907，95%CI：1.913～7.978，P<0.001；HR＝4.320，95%CI：2.087～8.942，P<0.001)。 结论术前高FAR患者的无疾病进展时间更短，OS率更低。术前FAR水平有望成为预测乳腺癌患者预后的有效指标。     

复方半枝莲汤治疗失代偿期乙型肝炎肝硬化的临床效果及患者血清T细胞亚群分析

目的:探讨复方半枝莲汤治疗失代偿期乙型肝炎肝硬化的临床效果。方法:选取2016年1月-2018年1月于通辽市传染病医院进行治疗的失代偿期乙型肝炎肝硬化患者60例,按照随机方式分为两组,对照组为恩替卡韦^+保肝对症的常规治疗;研究组在对照组治疗方式的基础上联合使用复方半枝莲汤,研究对比两组患者临床疗效以及血清T细胞亚群等指标的差异。结果:治疗后研究组和对照组治疗有效率分别为96.7%(29/30)和76.7%(23/30)研究组,临床疗效显著优于对照组(P<0.05);治疗前两组患者乙肝病毒的脱氧核糖核酸(Hepatitis B virus Deoxyribonucleic Acid,HBV-DNA)及肝功能指标无显著变化(P>0.05),研究组治疗后各指标下降程度显著优于对照组(P<0.05);治疗前两组患者CD8^+、CD4^+、CD4^+/CD8^+指标无明显差异(P>0.05),治疗后CD4^+提升,CD8^+下降,CD4^+/CD8^+指标上升,CD8^+、CD4^+、CD4^+/CD8^+指标较对照组更加显著(P<0.05);治疗后研究组和对照组不良反应的发生率分别为6.7%(2/30)和33.3%(10/30),研究组不良反应发生率显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:常规治疗同时联合复方半枝莲汤治疗失代偿期乙型肝炎肝硬化效果显著,可有效改善患者肝功能,抑制HBVDNA的复制,提高免疫功能,且具有良好的治疗安全性。     

LacdiNAc-Glycosylated Prostate-specific Antigen Density is a Potential Biomarker of Prostate Cancer

BackgroundSerum LacdiNAc-glycosylated prostate-specific antigen (LDN-PSA) and LDN-PSA density together with PSA and PSA density (PSAD) were measured as a diagnostic tool for prostate cancer (PCa).Patients and MethodsWe included 150 patients with PCa without hormonal therapy and 41 patients without PCa obtained from the Kyoto University Hospital between 2012 and 2017. LDN-PSA levels were measured through a WFA–anti-PSA antibody sandwich immunoassay using a highly sensitive surface plasmon field-enhanced fluorescence spectroscopy (SPFS) system. Diagnostic performance of serum LDN-PSA and LDN-PSAD was evaluated by measuring the area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC).ResultsThe AUCs of LDN-PSA, LDN-PSAD, and PSAD levels (0.780, 0.848, and 0.835, respectively) detected in patients with PCa were significantly higher (P = .0001, P < .0001, and P < .0001, respectively) than that of PSA (0.590). Moreover, among 143 patients with PCa who received radical prostatectomy (RP), the AUCs of LDN-PSA, LDN-PSAD, and PSAD levels (0.750, 0.812, and 0.769, respectively) detected in patients with a pathologic Gleason grade group ≥ 2 were significantly higher (P = .0170, P = .0028, and P = .0003, respectively) than that of PSA (0.578). In the group comprising 35 patients who received RP with a Gleason grade group 1-graded biopsy, the LDN-PSA, LDN-PSAD, and PSAD levels were significantly different (P = .0097, P = .0024, and P = .0312, respectively). However, PSA alone could not discriminate cases with adverse features (P = .454).ConclusionsLDN-PSAD is a potential marker for detecting PCa and selecting candidates for RP.     

Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin-D and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: Does race/ethnicity matter? Findings from the MESA cohort

Background and aimsLow serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) is associated with higher nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) risk in studies of mainly white participants. Significant racial/ethnic differences exist in serum 25(OH)D and NAFLD prevalence questioning extending this association to other racial/ethnic groups. We tested whether the association between serum 25(OH)D and NAFLD vary by race/ethnicity.Methods and resultsThis was a cross-sectional analysis from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) that included 3484 participants (44% male; 38.4% Whites, 27.8% African-Americans, 23.5% Hispanics, and 10.3% Chinese-Americans) who had serum 25(OH)D and upper abdominal CT images available at baseline. Serum 25(OH)D was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. NAFLD was identified if liver-to-spleen Hounsfield-Unit ratio was <1. Whites had the highest 25(OH)D level and African-Americans had the lowest level (mean ± SD: 29.5 ± 10.4 vs.19.9 ± 9.1, respectively). Six hundred and eleven (17.5%) participants had NAFLD; Hispanics had the highest prevalence (26.2%) followed by Chinese-Americans (19.8%), Whites (15.8%) and African-Americans (11.7%), P < 0.0001. In adjusted model, the association of 25(OH)D with NAFLD differed by race/ethnicity (P < 0.0001). Negative association was only evident in Causations (OR (95% CI):1.23 (1.03, 1.47) per 1 SD lower serum 25(OH)D). For other racial/ethnic groups, BMI, triglycerides, diabetic status and/or smoking, but not serum 25(OH)D, were common independent risk factors for NAFLD.ConclusionsThe negative association between serum 25(OH)D and NAFLD in Whites may not be broadly generalizable to other racial/ethnic groups. Modifiable risk factors including BMI, triglycerides, diabetic status and/or smoking associate with NAFLD risk in non-white racial/ethnic groups beyond 25(OH)D.     

Elevated serum neurofilament light chain in children autism spectrum disorder: A case control study

ObjectiveWe aimed to assess serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) levels in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and to investigate whether they are related to the severity of disease.MethodsThe cohorts consisted of 166 children aged 3–8 (83 children diagnosed with ASD and 83 children with typically-developing). sNfL were analyzed using Single Molecule Array (Simoa) technology. ASD symptom severity was assessed according to the Chinese version of the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) score.ResultsThe mean age of those included ASD was 5.1 years (standard deviations [S.D.]: 1.7) and 78.3 % were boys. The mean (SD) sNfL concentrations were significantly (P < 0.001) higher in ASD than in TP children (10.2[5.0] pg/mL and 7.1[3.2]pg/mL). For each 1 pg/mL increase of sNfL, the risk of ASD would increase by 19 % (with the OR _unadjusted of 1.19 [95 % CI 1.10–1.29], P < 0.001) and 11 % (with the OR _adjusted of 1.11 [1.03–1.23], P < 0.001), respectively. sNfL concentrations in children with severe ASD were higher than in those children with mild-to-moderate ASD (12.4[5.1] pg/mL vs. 8.3[4.2]pg/mL; P < 0.001). Among ASD cases, each 1 pg/mL increase of sNfL is associated with 20 % higher unadjusted or 11 % higher adjusted odds, respectively, of severe (vs. mild-to-moderate) ASD.ConclusionsThe data showed that sNfL was elevated in ASD and related to symptom severity, suggesting that sNfL may play a role in ASD progression.     

血清SAA/CRP、CD64对儿童甲型流感早期诊断的临床价值分析

目的探讨血清淀粉酶A蛋白(SAA)与C-反应蛋白(CRP)比值SAA/CRP、中性粒细胞表面抗原CD64对儿童甲型流感早期诊断的临床价值。方法选择2017年8月~2019年2月来医院儿科就诊的125例流感症状患儿作为研究对象,根据患儿临床诊断结果将其分为甲型流感组31例、非甲型流感组94例;再选择同期在天津海河教育园区达文路卫生服务中心健康体检健康儿童30例作为对照组。患儿入组后立即留取鼻咽吸取液,采用RT-PCR鉴定流感病毒型别;采集末梢血进行7项呼吸道病毒联合检测及血清SAA、CRP以及外周血中性粒细胞表面抗原CD64表达水平。结果甲型流感组与非甲型流感组患儿血清SAA、SAA/CRP以及CD64指数显著高于对照组,甲型流感组血清SAA、SAA/CRP以及CD64指数显著高于非甲型流感组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),3组儿童血清CRP水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。运用ROC曲线分析在疑似甲型流感125例患儿中血清SAA、CRP、SAA/CRP以及CD64对甲型流感诊断价值,结果显示各指标诊断曲线下面积分别为0.908、0.641、0.994、0.957。结论甲型流感患儿血清SAA、SAA/CRP以及中性粒细胞表面受体CD64表达显著升高,在甲型流感患儿的早期临床诊断中具有较高的辅助价值。     

研析奥氮平治疗老年晚期癌症患者抑郁状态的血药浓度与临床疗效关系

目的：研析奥氮平治疗老年晚期癌症患者抑郁状态的血药浓度与临床疗效的关系，促进合理用药。方法：80例这类患者服用2.5 ~ 10 mg·d-1奥氮平，应用全自动二维液相色谱法（2D-LC/UV）检测患者用药后4周内每周奥氮平血药浓度（C奥氮平）；采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAMD-24）于治疗前、治疗后4周内每周评估疗效，应用线性回归方程分析奥氮平剂量与血药浓度相关性，运用Logistic回归和受试者工作曲线（ROC）分析奥氮平血药浓度与临床疗效相关性；采用副反应量表（TESS）评估药物不良反应。结果：奥氮平日剂量（D日）和C奥氮平线性方程呈正相关（r=0.634，P<0.001）。治疗的第1、2、3、4周末，有效组与无效组患者D日、C奥氮平、HAMD-24量表减分率存在显著性差异（P<0.05）。经Logistic回归分析得出年龄大、奥氮平血药浓度低是导致奥氮平治疗效果不理想的影响因素。以C奥氮平作为疗效预测因子绘制治疗第1、2、3、4周末ROC曲线，得出约登指数最大时对应的最佳临界值切点分别11.18、13.89、11.55、12.44 ng·mL-1；未发现C奥氮平与TESS量表评分相关（P>0.05）。结论：奥氮平血药浓度与日剂量、临床疗效密切相关，治疗老年晚期癌症患者抑郁状态最低有效血药浓度范围为11~14 ng·mL-1。     

胎膜早破孕妇血清炎性标志物变化､生殖道感染情况及羊膜腔感染危险因素分析

目的研究胎膜早破(PROM)孕妇血清炎症标志物水平变化?生殖道感染情况及引起羊膜腔感染的可能相关因素,并分析引起PROM的危险因素。方法将2017年6月至2020年6月台州市中心医院收治的113例PROM患者纳入观察组,同期正常妊娠并分娩的120例孕产妇纳入对照组。比较两组血清炎性标志物[血管细胞黏附分子-1(VCAM-1)?C反应蛋白(CRP)]及下生殖道感染情况,并行单因素及多因素Logistic回归分析影响PROM的独立危险因素;分析PROM孕产妇的羊膜腔感染情况,分析血清炎性标志物?生殖道感染与羊膜腔感染的关系。结果观察组血清炎性标志物VCAM-1?CRP水平及下生殖道感染率均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);多因素Logistic回归分析显示,下生殖道感染?血清VCAM-1水平?血清CRP水平及双胎妊娠均是影响PROM的独立危险因素;统计发现,PROM合并羊膜腔感染者共31例,其血清VCAM-1水平?血清CRP水平及下生殖道感染率均显著高于非羊膜腔感染者(P<0.05)。结论下生殖道感染?血清炎性标志物水平升高及双胎妊娠是PROM发生的独立危险因素,且下生殖道感染及炎性标志物水平升高还可能是影响羊膜腔感染发生的因素之一。